Flowers

Portugal Wildlife

Guide to the Flowers of a Wildlife Reserve in Baixo Alentejo

All Photographs were taken by the website author on the reserve unless otherwise stated.

Species	Notes	Photographs	Photographs	Photographs
Wild Leek Allium ampeloprasum Alho-de-verão; Alho-inglês; Chalotas	Peak Flowering Period: April to July
			Stem and basal leaves.

Moroccan Garlic Allium massaessylum Alho de marrocos	Peak Flowering Period: March to June

			Leaves and Stem.
Belladonna Lily Amaryllis belladonna Açucena	Peak Flowering Period: August to October	An exotic species from Southern Africa.
Roundheaded Leek Allium sphaerocephalon Alho bravo	Peak Flowering Period: May to July
Scarlet Pimpernel Anagallis arvensis Morrião dos campos	Peak Flowering Period: March to June	The common Red form of Scarlet Pimpernel.
		Red and Blue forms growing side by side.		Blue form.
		Rarer Blue form.	Red and blue forms growing together.	Blue form.
Shrubby Pimpernel Anagallis monelli Morrião grande	Peak Flowering Period: March to July


Daisy-leaved Toadflax Anarrhinum bellidifolium Samacalo	Peak Flowering Period: April to July


Undulate Alkanet Anchusa undulata Buglossa ondulada; Língua de vaca ondeada	Peak Flowering Period: February to May

Limestone Lettuce Andryala integrifolia Alface dos calcários; Tripa de ovelha	Peak Flowering Period: April to July
			The English common name used here is based on one of the many Portuguese common names, Alface dos calcários, which means Limestone Lettuce.
Yellow Anemone Anemone palmata Anémona, Flor do vento	Peak Flowering Period: February to May			Basal Leaves.
Mouse Plant Arisarum simorrhinum Candeias	Peak Flowering Period: October to February
Giant Reed Arundo donax Cana	Invasive Alien. The status of this plant in the reserve is under consideration and the plants may be removed if they are thought to be a threat. Peak Flowering Period: August to October		The Giant reed is an exotic species that has been introduced to Portugal.
Greater Asparagus Asparagus aphyllus Espargo bravo	Peak Flowering Period: May to November
Common Asphodel Asphodelus aestivus Abrótea de verão	Peak Flowering Period: March to August


Yellow Milk Vetch Astragalus boeticus Serradela bética	Peak Flowering Period: January to May
Saltmarsh Aster Aster squamatus Mata jornaleiros	Peak Flowering Period: May to December Invasive Alien.
Slender Oat Avena barbata Balanco bravo	Peak Flowering Period: March to June
Lesser Water Plantain Baldellia repens Baldélia ranunculada	Peak Flowering Period: March to October
Mediterranean Linseed Bartsia trixago (Bellardia trixago) Flor de ouro	Peak Flowering Period: April to June		The flowers can also be yellow.	Mediterranean Linseed is a semi-parasitic plant. It can obtain water nutrients from the roots of other species of plant, especially various grasses. As it is a green plant with chlorophyll, it is also able to make its own food using photosynthesis. It is a member of the broomrape family.

Sea Club-Rush Bolboschoenus maritimus Junça maritima	Peak Flowering Period: March to September
Field Mustard Brassica rapa Mostada	Peak Flowering Period: January to ?
Large Quaking Grass Briza maxima Bole bole maior	Peak Flowering Period: March to June

Red Bromegrass Bromus rubens Bromo avermelhado	Peak Flowering Period: April to May
Cheatgrass Bromus tectorum Bromo	Peak Flowering Period: March to July
Field Marigold Calendula arvensis Erva vaqueira	Peak Flowering Period: November to April			Field Marigold growing on top of Windmill Ruin.


Portuguese Bellflower Campanula lusitanica Campainhas	Peak Flowering Period: April to July


Rampion Bellflower Campanula rapunculus Campainhas rabanete; Campânula	Peak Flowering Period: April to July



Slender Thistle Carduus tenuiflorus Cardo azul	Peak Flowering Period: March to June

Racemose Carline Thistle Carlina racemosa Cardo amarelo anual	Peak Flowering Period: June to September

Common Centaury Centaurium erythraea Centáurea comum; Fel da terra	Peak Flowering Period: April to August

Yellow Centaury Centaurium maritimum Genciana da praia	Peak Flowering Period: March to July
Dusky Dogfennel Chamaemelum fuscatum Margaça de inverno	Peak Flowering Period: November to April

Moroccan Chamomile Chamaemelum mixtum Margaça	Peak Flowering Period: March to June

Crown Daisy Chrysanthemum coronarium Pampilho, Palmequer	Peak Flowering Period: February to May

Common Chicory Cichorium intybus Chicória	Peak Flowering Period: April to August
Nettle-leaved Goosefoot Chenopodiastrum murale Pé de ganso	Peak Flowering Period: November to September
Crispus Rockrose Cistus crispus Roselha	Peak Flowering Period: April to June

Gum Cistus Cistus ladanifer Esteva	Peak Flowering Period: March to May
		A few Gum Cistus plants on the reserve lack the crimson spots at the base of the petals that the majority of the Gum Cistus flowers have.		A crimson-sptted Gum Cistus growing next to an all white Gum Cistus.

Sage-leaved Cistus Cistus salviifolius Saganho mouro	Peak Flowering Period: February to May
			Flower buds and flowers.
Corn Marigold Coleostephus myconis Olhos de boi

Field Bindweed Convolvulus arvensis Corriola campestre	Peak Flowering Period: May to September	Note the Red Velvet Mite on the flower.	This plant, native to Europe and Asia, was introduced to America in around 1739. It has since become a significant alien invasive plant that causes substantial crop losses to farmers there.	Also known as a Morning Glory it is a climbing or creeping herbaceous perennial.
Guernsey Fleabane Conyza sumatrensis Avoadinha marfim	Peak Flowering Period: April to November Introduced Alien Species
Cardoon Cynara cardunculus Alcachofra	Peak Flowering Period: May to July
		Dessicated flower head (fallen horizontal).	Developing flower spikes of this thistle species.	Developing flower spikes.

Umbrella Sedge Cyperus eragrostis Junção	Peak Flowering Period: March to September	An Exotic species originally from the U.S.A. As such we will monitor the plant to ensure it does not become invasive.

Flax-leaved Daphne Cyperus longus Junça de cheiro	Peak Flowering Period: April to August
Flax-leaved Daphne Daphne gnidium Trovisco; Gorreiro; Lauréola macha	Peak Flowering Period: April to November

Wild Carrot Daucus carota Cenoura brava	Peak Flowering Period: May to September	Compound umbel.	Flower spike before flowers have opened.
Brown Bluebell Dipcadi serotinum Jacinto da tarde	Peak Flowering Period: February to May

Yellow Fleabane Dittrichia viscosa Tágueda	Peak Flowering Period: July to November

Purple Viper's Bugloss Echium plantagineum Soagem	Peak Flowering Period: March to June


Common Spikerush Eleocharis palustris Eleocare dos charcos; Junco marreco	Peak Flowering Period: March to August

Greater Willowherb Epilobium hirsutum Erva dos estolhos; Epilóbio eriçado	Peak Flowering Period: May to September
Longbeak Stork's-bill Erodium botrys Agulheta	Peak Flowering Period: March to May	Showing characteristically lobed, but not pinnately lobed, leaves.	Showing very long fruits - the "Stork's Bills".	Showing flowers and Stork's bill-shaped seed heads.
Common Stork's-bill Erodium cicutarium Bico de Cegonha	Peak Flowering Period: February to April		Showing characteristically pinnate leaves.
Sweet Fennel Foeniculum vulgare Fiolho	Peak Flowering Period: March to September
Field Fumitory Fumaria agraria Fumária dos campos	Peak Flowering Period: December to June

Purple Milk Thistle Galactites tomentosus Cardo	Peak Flowering Period: March to June

Lesser Gorse Genista triacanthos Tojo menor	Peak Flowering Period: March to June	The Lesser Gorse (a type of Broom) is Endemic to Iberia and North-West Morocco.	This small shrub is typically found in areas with Cork and Iberian Holm Oaks/Montado.


Cut-leaved Crane's-Bill Geranium dissectum Coentrinho	Peak Flowering Period: February to June
		Finely cut leaves.
Dove's-Foot Cranes-Bill Geranium molle Bico de pomba	Peak Flowering Period: January to June
			Fruits - "Crane's Bills".
Field Gladiolus Gladiolus italicus Gladíolo	Peak Flowering Period: March to May

Corn Daisy Glebionis segetum Pampilho das searas	Peak Flowering Period: February to June		An exotic species introduced from Eastern Europe.
Barbary Nut Gynandriris sisyrhynchium Pé de burro	Peak Flowering Period: February to April	The flowers of the Barbary Nut only open late in the morning/early afternoon.


Scaly Hawkbit Hedypnois cretica Alface de Creta	Peak Flowering Period: February to June



Gold Everlasting Helichrysum stoechas Perpétuas das areias	Peak Flowering Period: May to September
		Red Mites are present non the flower heads.

Common Heliotrope Heliotropium europaeum Verrucária; Tornassol com pêlos; Erva das verrugas	Peak Flowering Period: March to October

Mouse Barley Hordium murinum Cevada dos ratos	Peak Flowering Period: March to October
Gecko-Foot Kidney Vetch Hymenocarpos lotoides Patinha de osga; Albaida	Peak Flowering Period: March to June		The English common name used here is based on the Portuguese common name, Patinha de osga, meaning Gecko-Foot (small gecko foot).

Trailing St John's-Wort Hypericum humifusum Erva das mil Folhinhas	Peak Flowering Period: March to September
Flax-leaved St John's-Wort Hypericum linariifolium Hipericão estriado; Pelicão	Peak Flowering Period: May to July	The sepals have stalked black glands. Sepals are individual segments of the calyx.

Coral-necklace Illecebrum verticillatum Aranhões; Erva sanguinha	Peak Flowering Period: March to September
Common Morning Glory Ipomoea indica Glória da manhã	Peak Flowering Period: February to October			This species is an invasive alien. It will be monitored and, if necessary, erdicated before it can become a pest on the reserve.
Bearded Iris Iris germanica Lírio Germânico	Peak Flowering Period: February to April	This is an exotic species that has been introduced in some areas in Portugal.
Sheep's bit scabious Jasione Montana Botão azul	Peak Flowering Period: April to July

Sharp-flowered Rush Juncus acutiflorus Junco de flor aguda	Peak Flowering Period: May to August
Soft Rush Juncus effusus Junco solto	Peak Flowering Period: May to August
Two-leaved Rush Juncus heterophyllus Junco de folhas variadas	Peak Flowering Period: April to July
Prickly Lettuce Lactuca serriola Alface brava	Peak Flowering Period: May to September	Amazingly this plant, which can grow to 2m tall and has large spines on its leaf veins, is the ancestor of our humble supermarket lettuce (Lactuca sativa) !
Golden Dogstail Lamarckia aurea Lamárquia dourada	Peak Flowering Period: February to June
Angled Pea Lathyrus angulatus Cizarão de folha estreita	Peak Flowering Period: March to June		Note the large seed pod on the right.	Note the pairs of lanceolate leaflets and branched tendrils.
Red Vetchling Lathyrus cicera Araca; Chícharo branco	Peak Flowering Period: March to May
French lavender Lavandula stoechas Cabeçuda; Rosmaninho; Arçã	Peak Flowering Period: February to June


Small Tree Mallow Lavatera cretica Malva alta	Peak Flowering Period: March to July


Lesser Hawkbit Leontodon taraxacoides Leituga dos montes	Peak Flowering Period: February to July

Autumn Snowflake Leucojum autumnale Campainhas do outono	Peak Flowering Period: August to November
Amethyst Toadflax Linaria amethystea Esporas bravas	Peak Flowering Period: January to May

Ballast Toadflax Linaria spartea Ansarina dos campos	Peak Flowering Period: February to July
Pale Flax Linum bienne Linho bravo; Linho de inverno	Peak Flowering Period: February to June
Bird's-foot Trefoil Lotus corniculatus Cornichão	Peak Flowering Period: March to August
Small-flowered Birdsfoot Trefoil Lotus parviflorus Loto de flor miúda	Peak Flowering Period: April to June


Narrow-leaved Lupin Lupinus angustifolius Tremoço bravo	Peak Flowering Period: February to May
			Characteristically narrow leaves.	Seed pods.
		Very upright growth habit.
Yellow Lupin Lupinus luteus Tremoceiro amarelo	Native plant. But also planted to provide a green manure for our Olive Grove. Peak Flowering Period: March to June

		Some plants have Orange flowers.	Yellow Lupin plants sown as seeds in our Olive Grove to provide a green manure. Lupins have nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their root nodules, a trait typical to pea family species.
			Yellow Lupins in flower in the Olive Grove.

Hairy Lupin Lupinus micranthus Tremoço hirsuto	Peak Flowering Period: March to May
Spanish Mallow Malva hispanica Malva de espanha	Peak Flowering Period: April to July
Least Mallow Malva parviflora Malva de flor pequena	Peak Flowering Period: March to June	The flowers are very small compared to the rather vigorous foliage.		Fruit.
		Leaf.
Pennyroyal Mentha pulegium Hortelâ pimenta mansa	Peak Flowering Period: June to September
Round-leaved Mint Mentha suaveolens Mentastro, Hortelã brava	Peak Flowering Period: June to September			Note the wrinkled leaf surface, typical of this species.

Annual Mercury Mercurialis ambigua Barradoiro	Peak Flowering Period: All Year
Meadow Saffron Merendera filifolia Quita merenda	Peak Flowering Period: September to November
Pale Lesser Snapdragon Misopates calycinum	Peak Flowering Period: March to July
Lesser Snapdragon Misopates orontium Focinho de rato	Peak Flowering Period: March to July

Tassel Grape Hyacinth Muscari comosum Jacinto das searas; Cebolinho de flor azul	Peak Flowering Period: March to May

Jersey Forget-me-not Myosotis debilis Não tem	Peak Flowering Period: April to June	The Jersey Forget-me-not grows in wet meadows, river banks, pond edges and temporary pools. A water-loving plant.	The flowers of this Forget-me-not are tiny.
		The Jersey Forget-me-not is endemic to the Mediterranean basin. It is found in Portugal, Spain, Morocco and Algeria.
Spiked Water Milfoil Myriophyllum spicatum Pinheirinha da água	Peak Flowering Period: May to November
Spiny Naiad Najas marina Carrapêto da lagoa	Peak Flowering Period: September to October
Hoop Petticoat Narcissus Narcissus bulbocodium Campainhas amarelas	Peak Flowering Period: January to April		Photo showing the Narcissus growing in winterbourne stream.


Jonquil Narcissus Narcissus jonquilla Junquilho	Peak Flowering Period: February to April
Paperwhite Daffodil Narcissus papyraceus Narciso de inverno	Peak Flowering Period: January to March
Autumn Narcissus Narcissus serotinus Narciso do outono	Peak Flowering Period: September to November This species is a "Near Threatened" plant in Portugal
Portuguese Catmint Nepeta multibracteata Nêveda ramosa	Peak Flowering Period: May to July		The English common name used here is a translation of an alternate (synonym) Latin binomial name, Nepeta lusitanica, meaning Portuguese Catmint. Lusitanica was the Roman name for Portugal. This species also occurs in Spain, Morocco and Algeria.	The Latin binomial name refers to the many flower bracts.

Oleander Nerium oleander Loendro ; Cevadilha	Peak Flowering Period: February to March and May to August
Hemlock Water-Dropwort Oenanthe crocata Embude, Prego do diabo	Peak Flowering Period: March to July			Luxuriant and vigorous leaf growth.
		This species of umbellifer is water-loving and lives in our river.

Cat-Claw Rest-Harrow Ononis cintrana Unha gata; Unha gata de Sintra; Rilha boi	Peak Flowering Period: April to June
		The common English name used here is a translation of one of the Portuguese common names, Unha gata, which means Cat Claw.
Green-winged Orchid Orchis morio Erva do salepo	Peak Flowering Period: March to May
				Basal leaves.
Star of Bethlehem Ornithogalum orthophyllum Leite de galinha	Peak Flowering Period: February to May	Star of Bethlehem flowers with a Crab Spider.

Compressed Bird's-Foot Ornithopus compressus Serradela amarela	Peak Flowering Period: March to June	The flowers of this member of the Pea family are very small. Just 5-8mm.	The leaves are produced in 7-18 pairs of leaflets.
		The seed pods have a characteristic curved shape and are much larger than the flowers.
Common Broomrape Orobanche minor Orobanca	Peak Flowering Period: April to June		The Broomrapes are parasitic on the roots of other plants. This species usually attacks legumes, composites and umbellifers.

			This Common broomrape is likely to be parasitising the roots of the yellow legume seen in the photograph.
Hemp Broomrape Orobanche ramosa Erva toira ramosa	Peak Flowering Period: February to May	Hemp Broomrape is a plant without any chlorophyll that lives by parasitising other plants to obtain all its food requirements.

Bermuda Buttercup Oxalis pes-caprae Trevo azedo	Peak Flowering Period: November to April	This is an exotic species that was introduced to Portugal.
			This leaf shape is typical of Oxalis.
Long-headed Poppy Papaver dubium Papoila longa	Peak Flowering Period: March to June

				Long-headed Poppies are orange in colour.

Rough Poppy Papaver hybridum Papoila ouricada; Papoila peluda	Peak Flowering Period: March to May		Rough Poppies have much smaller flowers than Long-headed Poppies and they are a deep red colour.
Common Poppy Papaver rhoeas Papoila	Peak Flowering Period: March to March to July

Yellow Bartsia Parentucellia viscosa Erva peganhenta	Peak Flowering Period: April to June	Yellow Bartsia is a semi-parasitic plant. It has root-like organs known as haustoria that it uses to obtain nutrients from the roots of other species of plant. As it is a green plant with chlorophyll, it is also able to make its own food using photosynthesis. It is a member of the broomrape family.

		Group of Yellow bartsia plants.	Meadow drift including Yellow Bartsia.
Silver Paronychia Paronychia argentea Erva prata; Erva dos unheiros	Peak Flowering Period: February to June
Lampwick Phlomis lychnitis Salva brava; Candeiolas	Peak Flowering Period: April to June

Buck's-Horn Plantain Plantago coronopus Diabelha	Peak Flowering Period: March to July



Hare's Foot Plantain Plantago lagopus Orelha de lebre	Peak Flowering Period: March to June			Leaves of Hare's Foot Plantain.
Ribwort Plantain Plantago lanceolate Corrijó, Língua de ovelha	Peak Flowering Period: March to July

Jersey Cudweed Pseudognaphalium luteo-album Perpétua brava	Peak Flowering Period: February to October
Jersey Buttercup Ranunculus paludosus Ranúnculo dos charcos	Peak Flowering Period: February to May


Pond Water-Crowfoot Ranunculus peltatus Ranúnculo aquático	Aquatic Plant. Peak Flowering Period: February to May	This aquatic plant has submerged and floating leaves. This photograph shows the long, flowing submerged leaves (when water level is higher).		This photo shows both the floating leaves at the surface and the long, filamentous submerged leaves under the water.
		The Pond Water-Crowfoot is a member of the Buttercup family.

Wild Radish Raphanus raphanistrum Saramago	Peak Flowering Period: January to June
Weld or Dyer's Rocket Reseda luteola Lírio dos tintureiros	Peak Flowering Period: March to June
Crocus-leaved Romulea Romulea bulbocodium Nosilha	Peak Flowering Period: January to April

Sheep's Sorrel Rumex acetosella Erva azeda	Peak Flowering Period: March to July			The basal lobes of the leaves characteristically turn upwards.

Red Dock Rumex bucephalophorus Catacuzes	Peak Flowering Period: February to June

Northern Dock Rumex longifolius Labaça comprida	Peak Flowering Period: ??? May			A tall plant - up to 120cm (4 feet).
		It is presumed that the Northern Dock is native to Portugal.
Rosemary Salvia rosmarinus Alecrim	Peak Flowering Period: October to June
Mediterranean Salad Burnet Sanguisorba verrucosa Pimpinela menor	Peak Flowering Period: March to July

Sweet Scabious Scabiosa atropurpurea Saudades roxas; Suspiros; Suspiros roxos	Peak Flowering Period: April to July


Common Club-Rush Schoenoplectus lacustris Bunho	Peak Flowering Period: April to September
Autumn Squill Scilla autumnalis Cila de outubro	Peak Flowering Period: August to November
Round-headed Club-Rush Scirpoides holoschoenus Bunho	Peak Flowering Period: April to August	Flowers.
				Old seed heads.

Scorpion Plant Scorpiurus muricatus Cornilhão pequeno	Peak Flowering Period: March to June		Note coiled seed pod on centre left of photograph.
		Note coiled seed pod on bottom right of photograph - which supposedly resembles a caterpillar.
Caterpillar Plant Scorpiurus vermiculatus Cornilhão esponjoso	Peak Flowering Period: March to June
		The resemblance of this plant's seed pod to a Caterpillar gives it its English common name.
Common Ragwort Senecio jacobaea Erva de são tiago; Tasna	Peak Flowering Period: May to September		Common Ragwort flowers are an important nectar source for butterflies such as Small Coppers.	Cinnabar Moth caterpillars feeding on Common Ragwort. These caterpillars become toxic to other animals when they eat the poisonous ragwort plants which gives them protection from predators.
			Common Ragwort covered in red mites which feed on the flowers.

Groundsel Senecio vulgaris Tasneirinha	Peak Flowering Period: December to April
		Seed head of Groundsel. The seeds will be dispersed by the wind or any animals brushing past the plant.
Tongue Orchid Serapias strictiflora Erva língua constrita	Peak Flowering Period: March to May		Creamy-yellow variety.

Field Madder Sherardia arvensis Granza dos campos	Peak Flowering Period: February to June

Mediterranean Catchfly Silene colorata Silene rosada	Peak Flowering Period: February to May
Small-flowered Catchfly Silene gallica Erva mel; Nariz de zorra	Peak Flowering Period: March to June

Black Nightshade Solanum nigrum Erva moira	Peak Flowering Period: All Year Round
Common Sow-Thistle Sonchus oleraceus Serralha branca	Peak Flowering Period: January to September
Smooth Sow-Thistle Sonchus tenerrimus Serralha	Peak Flowering Period: February to August
		Bee collecting pollen from Smooth Sow-Thistle flower.
Corn Spurrey Spergula arvensis Cassamelo	Peak Flowering Period: October to July
Purple Sand Spurrey Spergularia purpurea Sapinho roxo	Peak Flowering Period: March to July

Field Woundwort Stachys arvensis Rabo de raposa	Peak Flowering Period: January to May
Shining Deadly Carrot Thapsia nitida	Peak Flowering Period: April to June



Southern Deadly Carrot Thapsia transtagana Tápsia	Peak Flowering Period: March to May





European Umbrella Milkwort Tolpis barbata Olhos de mocho	Peak Flowering Period: March to July
Spreading Hedgeparsley Torilis arvensis Salsinha	Peak Flowering Period: April to July
Narrow-leaved Crimson Clover Trifolium angustifolium Trevo massaroco, Rabo de gato	Peak Flowering Period: April to July

Hare's-Foot Clover Trifolium arvense Pé de lebre; Trevo branco	Peak Flowering Period: March to July

Hop Trefoil Trifolium campestre Trevo amarelo	Peak Flowering Period: March to July
Clustered Clover Trifolium glomeratum Trevo	Peak Flowering Period: April to July


White Clover Trifolium repens Trevo branco	Peak Flowering Period: March to July
Reversed Clover Trifolium resupinatum Trevo da pérsia; Trevo de flores reviradas	Peak Flowering Period: March to June		The English name is based on the fact that the flowers are reversed, that is to say upside down when compared to other species of clover.

Arrowleaf Clover Trifolium vesiculosum Trevo vesiculoso	Peak Flowering Period: April to July
				This species is not Native to Portugal. It is an introduced Exotic species.
		Diagnostic White 'W'-shaped marking on pointed, arrow-shaped, leaves.
Spotted Rock Rose Tuberaria guttata Alcar	Peak Flowering Period: March to June
		The flowers of the Spotted Rock Rose are highly variable. These flowers have very small spots at the base of the petals.	All these flowers are Spotted Rock Rose.	Spotted Rock Rose among variety of other flower species.

Lesser Bulrush Typha angustifolia Tábua estreita	Peak Flowering Period: April to July	Inflorescence of Male Flowers (above the female flowers).	Inflorescence of Female Flowers (below the male flowers).	Lesser Bulrushes with Male and Female flowers.
Southern Cattail Typha domingensis Tábua estreita	Peak Flowering Period: March to August
Silvery Gorse Ulex argenteus Tojo prateado	Peak Flowering Period: November to April
Iberian Gorse Ulex australis welwitschianus Tojo Ibérico ?	Peak Flowering Period: December to April
		This sub-species is Endemic to Portugal.

Iberian Navelwort (I could find no English common name and so have used this name as this species is found mostly in Iberia) Umbilicus heylandianus Sombreirinhos dos telhados	Peak Flowering Period: April to July


Navelwort Umbilicus rupestris Umbigo de vénus	Peak Flowering Period: March to July	Navelwort typically grows in rocks and old walls.
				Navelwort growing on top of Windmill ruin.

Sea Squill Urginea maritima Cebola albarrã	Peak Flowering Period: August to October



Purple Vetch Vicia benghalensis Ervilhaca vermelha	Peak Flowering Period: March to June
Common Vetch Viciasativa Ervilhaca mansa; Ervilhaca comum	Peak Flowering Period: February to July
		Seed pod.

Flower Species List :

	List of Flowers species

	Lista de espécies de flore

	English name	Scientific name	Portugese name	Status	Peak Flowering Period

	Nome inglês	Nome científico	Nome vulgar	Estado

1	Wild Leek	Allium ampeloprasum	Alho-de-verão	Native	April to July
2	Moroccan Garlic	Allium massaessylum	Alho de marrocos	Native	March to June
3	Roundheaded Leek	Allium sphaerocephalon	Alho bravo	Native	May to July
4	Belladonna Lily	Amaryllis belladonna	Açucena	Exotic - Introduced	August to October
5	Scarlet Pimpernel	Anagallis arvensis	Morrião dos campos	Native	March to June
6	Shrubby Pimpernel	Anagallis monelli	Morrião grande	Native	March to July
7	Daisy-leaved Toadflax	Anarrhinum bellidifolium	Samacalo	Native	April to July
8	Undulate Alkanet	Anchusa undulata	Buglossa ondulada	Native	February to May
9	Limestone Lettuce	Andryala integrifolia	Alface dos calcários	Native	April to July
10	Yellow Anemone	Anemone palmata	Anémona, Flor do vento	Native	February to May
11	Mouse Plant	Arisarum simorrhinum	Candeias	Native	October to February
12	Giant Reed	Arundo donax	Cana	Exotic - Introduced	August to October
13	Greater Asparagus	Asparagus aphyllus	Espargo bravo	Native	May to November
14	Common Asphodel	Asphodelus aestivus	Abrótea de verão	Native	March to August
15	Saltmarsh Aster	Aster squamatus	Mata jornaleiros	Exotic - Invasive Alien	May to December
16	Yellow Milk Vetch	Astragalus boeticus	Serradela bética	Native	January to May
17	Slender Oat	Avena barbata	Balanco bravo	Native	March to June
18	Lesser Water Plantain	Baldellia repens	Baldélia ranunculada	Native	March to October
19	Mediterranean Linseed	Bartsia trixago (Bellardia trixago)	Flor de ouro	Native	April to June
20	Sea Club-Rush	Bolboschoenus maritimus	Junça maritima	Native	March to September
21	Field Mustard	Brassica rapa	Mostada	Exotic - Agricultural Crop	January to
22	Large Quaking Grass	Briza maxima	Bole bole maior	Native	March to June
23	Red Bromegrass	Bromus rubens	Bromo avermelhado	Native	April to May
24	Cheatgrass	Bromus tectorum	Bromo	Native	March to July
25	Field Marigold	Calendula arvensis	Erva vaqueira	Native	November to April
26	Portuguese Bellflower	Campanula lusitanica	Campainhas	Native	April to July
27	Rampion Bellflower	Campanula rapunculus	Campainhas rabanete	Native	April to July
28	Slender Thistle	Carduus tenuiflorus	Cardo azul	Native	March to June
29	Racemose Carline Thistle	Carlina racemosa	Cardo amarelo anual	Native	June to September
30	Common Centaury	Centaurium erythraea	Centáurea comum	Native	April to August
31	Yellow Centaury	Centaurium maritimum	Genciana da praia	Native	March to July
32	Dusky Dogfennel	Chamaemelum fuscatum	Margaça de inverno	Native	December to April
33	Moroccan Chamomile	Chamaemelum mixtum	Margaça	Native	March to June
34	Nettle-leaved Goosefoot	Chenopodiastrum murale	Pé de ganso	Native	November to September
35	Crown Daisy	Chrysanthemum coronarium	Pampilho	Native	February to May
36	Common Chicory	Cichorium intybus	Chicória	Native	April to August
37	Crispus Rockrose	Cistus crispus	Roselha	Native	April to June
38	Gum Cistus	Cistus ladanifer	Esteva	Native	March to May
39	Sage-leaved Cistus	Cistus salviifolius	Saganho mouro	Native	February to May
40	Corn Marigold	Coleostephus myconis	Olhos de boi	Native	March to July
41	Field Bindweed	Convolvulus arvensis	Corriola campestre	Native	May to September
42	Guernsey Fleabane	Conyza sumatrensis	Avoadinha marfim	Exotic - Introduced	April to November
43	Cardoon	Cynara cardunculus	Alcachofra	Native	May to July
44	Umbrella Sedge	Cyperus eragrostis	Junção	Exotic - from USA	March to September
45	Common Galingale	Cyperus longus	Junça de cheiro	Native	April to August
46	Flax-leaved Daphne	Daphne gnidium	Trovisco	Native	April to November
47	Wild Carrot	Daucus carota	Cenoura brava	Native	May to September
48	Brown Bluebell	Dipcadi serotinum	Jacinto da tarde	Native	February to May
49	Yellow Fleabane	Dittrichia viscosa	Tágueda	Native	July to November
50	Purple Viper's Bugloss	Echium plantagineum	Soagem	Native	March to June
51	Common Spikerush	Eleocharis palustris	Eleocare dos charcos	Native	March to August
52	Greater Willowherb	Epilobium hirsutum	Erva dos estolhos	Native	May to September
53	Longbeak Stork's-bill	Erodium botrys	Agulheta	Native	March to May
54	Common Stork's-bill	Erodium cicutarium	Bico de Cegonha	Native	February to April
55	Sweet Fennel	Foeniculum vulgare	Fiolho	Native	March to September
56	Field Fumitory	Fumaria agraria	Fumária dos campos	Native	December to June
57	Purple Milk Thistle	Galactites tomentosus	Cardo	Native	March to June
58	Lesser Gorse	Genista triacanthos	Tojo menor	Native	March to June
59	Cut-leaved Crane's-Bill	Geranium dissectum	Coentrinho	Native	February to June
60	Doves-Foot Crane's-Bill	Geranium molle	Bico de pomba	Native	January to June
61	Field Gladiolus	Gladiolus italicus	Gladíolo	Native	March to May
62	Corn Daisy	Glebionis segetum	Pampilho das searas	Exotic - Introduced	February to June
63	Barbary Nut	Gynandriris sisyrhynchium	Pé de burro	Native	February to April
64	Scaly Hawkbit	Hedypnois cretica	Alface de Creta	Native	February to June
65	Gold Everlasting	Helichrysum stoechas	Perpétuas das areias	Native	May to September
66	Common Heliotrope	Heliotropium europaeum	Verrucária	Native	March to October
67	Mouse Barley	Hordium murinum	Cevada dos ratos	Native	February to July
68	Gecko-Foot Kidney Vetch	Hymenocarpos lotoides	Patinha de osga	Native	March to June
69	Trailing St John's-Wort	Hypericum humifusum	Erva das mil Folhinhas	Native	March to September
70	Flax-leaved St John's-Wort	Hypericum linariifolium	Hipericão estriado	Native	May to July
71	Coral-necklace	Illecebrum verticillatum	Aranhões	Native	March to September
72	Common Morning Glory	Ipomoea purpurea	Glória da manhã	Exotic - Introduced	February to October
73	Bearded Iris	Iris germanica	Lírio Germânico	Exotic - Introduced	February to April
74	Sheep's Bit Scabious	Jasione montana	Botão azul	Native	April to July
75	Sharp-flowered Rush	Juncus acutiflorus	Junco de flor aguda	Native	May to August
76	Soft Rush	Juncus effusus	Junco solto	Native	May to August
77	Two-leaved Rush	Juncus heterophyllus	Junco de folhas variadas	Native: Near Threatened	April to July
78	Prickly Lettuce	Lactuca serriola	Alface brava	Native	May to September
79	Golden Dogstail	Lamarckia aurea	Lamárquia dourada	Native	February to June
80	Angled Pea	Lathyrus angulatus	Cizarão de folha estreita	Native	March to June
81	Red Vetchling	Lathyrus cicera	Araca	Native	March to May
82	French Lavender	Lavandula stoechas	Cabeçuda	Native	February to June
83	Small Tree Mallow	Lavatera cretica	Malva alta	Native	March to July
84	Lesser Hawkbit	Leontodon taraxacoides	Leituga dos montes	Native	February to July
85	Autumn Snowflake	Leucojum autumnale	Campainhas do outono	Native	August to November
86	Amethyst Toadflax	Linaria amethystea	Esporas bravas	Native	January to May
87	Ballast Toadflax	Linaria spartea	Ansarina dos campos	Native	February to July
88	Pale Flax	Linum bienne	Linho bravo	Native	February to June
89	Bird's-foot Trefoil	Lotus corniculatus	Cornichão	Native	March to August
90	Small-flowered Birdsfoot Trefoil	Lotus parviflorus	Loto de flor miúda	Native	April to June
91	Narrow-leaved Lupin	Lupinus angustifolius	Tremoço bravo	Native	February to May
92	Yellow Lupin	Lupinus luteus	Tremoceiro amarelo	Native/Planted as green manure	March to June
93	Hairy Lupin	Lupinus micranthus	Tremoço hirsuto	Native	March to May
94	Spanish Mallow	Malva hispanica	Malva de espanha	Native	April to July
95	Least Mallow	Malva parviflora	Malva de flor pequena	Native	March to June
96	Pennyroyal	Mentha pulegium	Hortelâ pimenta mansa	Native	June to September
97	Round-leaved Mint	Mentha suaveolens	Mentastro	Native	June to September
98	Annual Mercury	Mercurialis ambigua	Barradoiro	Native	All Year
99	Meadow Saffron	Merendera filifolia	Quita merenda	Native	September to November
100	Pale Lesser Snapdragon	Misopates calycinum		Native	March to July
101	Lesser Snapdragon	Misopates orontium	Focinho de rato	Native	March to July
102	Tassel Grape Hyacinth	Muscari comosum	Jacinto das searas	Native	March to May
103	Jersey Forget-me-not	Myosotis debilis		Native	April to June
104	Spiked Water Milfoil	Myriophyllum spicatum	Pinheirinha da água	Native	May to November
105	Spiny Naiad	Najas marina	Carrapêto da lagoa	Native	September to October
106	Hoop Petticoat Narcissus	Narcissus bulbocodium	Campainhas amarelas	Native	January to April
107	Jonquil Narcissus	Narcissus jonquilla	Junquilho	Native	February to April
108	Paperwhite Daffodil	Narcissus papyraceus	Narciso de inverno	Native	January to March
109	Autumn Narcissus	Narcissus serotinus	Narciso do outono	Native	September to November
110	Portuguese Catmint	Nepeta multibracteata	Nêveda ramosa	Native	May to July
111	Oleander	Nerium oleander	Loendro; Cevadilha	Native	February to March & May to August
112	Hemlock Water-Dropwort	Oenanthe crocata	Embude	Native	March to July
113	Cat-Claw Rest-Harrow	Ononis cintrana	Unha gata	Native	April to June
114	Green-winged Orchid	Orchis morio	Erva do salepo	Native	February to June
115	Star of Bethlehem	Ornithogalum orthophyllum	Leite de galinha	Native	February to May
116	Compressed Bird's-Foot	Ornithopus compressus	Serradela amarela	Native	March to June
117	Common Broomrape	Orobanche minor	Orobanca	Native	April to June
118	Hemp Broomrape	Orobanche ramosa	Erva toira ramosa	Native	February to May
119	Bermuda Buttercup	Oxalis pes-caprae	Trevo azedo	Exotic - Introduced	November to April
120	Long-headed Poppy	Papaver dubium	Papoila longa	Native	March to June
121	Rough Poppy	Papaver hybridum	Papoila ouricada	Native	March to May
122	Common Poppy	Papaver rhoeas	Papoila	Native	March to July
123	Yellow Bartsia	Parentucellia viscosa	Erva peganhenta	Native	April to June
124	Silver Paronychia	Paronychia argentea	Erva prata	Native	February to June
125	Lampwick	Phlomis lychnitis	Salva brava	Native	April to June
126	Buck's-Horn Plantain	Plantago coronopus	Diabelha	Native	March to July
127	Hare's Foot Plantain	Plantago lagopus	Orelha de lebre	Native	March to June
128	Ribwort Plantain	Plantago lanceolata	Corrijó	Native	March to July
129	Jersey Cudweed	Pseudognaphalium luteo-album	Perpétua brava	??	February to October
130	Jersey Buttercup	Ranunculus paludosus	Ranúnculo dos charcos	Native	February to May
131	Pond Water-Crowfoot	Ranunculus peltatus	Ranúnculo aquático	Native	February to April
132	Wild Radish	Raphanus raphanistrum	Saramago	??	January to June
133	Weld or Dyer's Rocket	Reseda luteola	Lírio dos tintureiros	Native	March to June
134	Crocus-leaved Romulea	Romulea bulbocodium	Nosilha	Native	January to April
135	Sheep's Sorrel	Rumex acetosella	Erva azeda	Native	March to July
136	Red Dock	Rumex bucephalophorus	Catacuzes	Native	February to June
137	Northern Dock	Rumex longifolius		Probably Native	May
138	Rosemary	Salvia rosmarinus	Alecrim	Native	October to June
139	Mediterranean Salad Burnet	Sanguisorba verrucosa	Pimpinela menor	Native	March to July
140	Sweet Scabious	Scabiosa atropurpurea	Saudades roxas	Native	April to July
141	Common Club-Rush	Schoenoplectus lacustris	Bunho	Native	April to September
142	Autumn Squill	Scilla autumnalis	Cila de outubro	Native	August to November
143	Round-headed Club-Rush	Scirpoides holoschoenus	Bunho	Native	April to August
144	Scorpion Plant	Scorpiurus muricatus	Cornilhão pequeno	Native	March to June
145	Caterpillar Plant	Scorpiurus vermiculatus	Cornilhão esponjoso	Native	March to June
146	Common Ragwort	Senecio jacobaea	Erva de são tiago	Native	May to September
147	Groundsel	Senecio vulgaris	Tasneirinha	Native	December to April
148	Tongue Orchid	Serapias strictiflora		Native	March to May
149	Field Madder	Sherardia arvensis	Granza dos campos	Native	February to June
150	Mediterranean Catchfly	Silene colorata	Silene rosada	Native	February to May
151	Small-flowered Catchfly	Silene gallica	Erva mel	Native	March to June
152	Black Nightshade	Solanum nigrum	Erva moira mortal	Native	All Year Round
153	Common Sow-Thistle	Sonchus oleraceus	Serralha branca	Native	January to September
154	Smooth Sow-Thistle	Sonchus tenerrimus	Serralha	Native	February to August
155	Corn Spurrey	Spergula arvensis	Cassamelo	Native	October to July
156	Purple Sand Spurrey	Spergularia purpurea	Sapinho roxo	Native	March to July
157	Field Woundwort	Stachys arvensis	Rabo de raposa	Native	January to May
158	Shining Deadly Carrot	Thapsia nitida		Native	April to June
159	Southern Deadly Carrot	Thapsia transtagana	Tápsia	Native	April to July
160	European Umbrella Milkwort	Tolpis barbata	Olhos de mocho	Native	March to July
161	Spreading Hedgeparsley	Torilis arvensis	Salsinha	Native	April to July
162	Narrow-leaved Crimson Clover	Trifolium angustifolium	Trevo massaroco	Native	April to July
163	Hare's-Foot Clover	Trifolium arvense	Pé de lebre	Native	March to July
164	Hop Trefoil	Trifolium campestre	Trevo amarelo	Native	March to July
165	Clustered Clover	Trifolium glomeratum	Trevo	Native	April to July
166	White Clover	Trifolium repens	Trevo branco	Native	March to July
167	Reversed Clover	Trifolium resupinatum	Trevo da pérsia	Native	March to June
168	Arrowleaf Clover	Trifolium vesiculosum		Exotic - Introduced	April to July
169	Spotted Rock Rose	Tuberaria guttata	Alcar	Native	March to June
170	Southern Cattail	Typha domingensis	Tábua estreita	Native	March to August
171	Silvery Gorse	Ulex argenteus	Tojo prateado	Iberian Endemic	November to April
172	Iberian Gorse	Ulex australis welwitschianus	Tojo Ibérico ?	ENDEMIC	December to April
173	Iberian Navelwort	Umbilicus heylandianus	Sombreirinhos dos telhados	Native	April to July
174	Navelwort	Umbilicus rupestris	Umbigo de vénus	Native	March to July
175	Sea Squill	Urginea maritima	Cebola albarrã	Native	August to October
176	Purple Vetch	Vicia benghalensis	Ervilhaca vermelha	Native	March to June
177	Common Vetch	Vicia sativa	Ervilhaca mansa	Native	February to July